The optimal cutoff score of the 2-min step test and its association with physical fitness in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Arunrat Srithawong; Puttipong Poncumhak; Pacharee Manoy; Sirintip Kumfu; Tichanon Promsrisuk; Piyapong Prasertsri; Orachorn Boonla

doi:10.12965/jer.2244232.116

The optimal cutoff score of the 2-min step test and its association with physical fitness in type 2 diabetes mellitus

J Exerc Rehabil. 2022 Jun 27;18(3):214-221. doi: 10.12965/jer.2244232.116. eCollection 2022 Jun.

Authors

Arunrat Srithawong^{1

2}, Puttipong Poncumhak^{1

2}, Pacharee Manoy^{1

2}, Sirintip Kumfu^{1

2}, Tichanon Promsrisuk^{2

3}, Piyapong Prasertsri^{4

5}, Orachorn Boonla^{4

5}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.
² Unit of Excellent of Physical Fitness and Exercise, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.
³ Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.
⁴ Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand.
⁵ Exercise and Nutrition Innovation and Sciences Research Unit, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand.

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate sensitivity, specificity, and test cutoff score to predict cardiorespiratory fitness by using the 2-min step test (2MST) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellites (DM). The association of the 2MST and physical fitness tests including a 6-min walk test (6MWT), a 5 time sit-to-stand test (FTSST), and leg strength in the form of a leg performance test were also investigated. This study was cross-sectional and conducted in 100 type 2 DM patients. Patients were screened through health questionnaires, medical illness, general characteristics, and physical fitness tests; 2MST, 6MWT, FTSST, and leg strength. Blood was collected for assessment of fasting blood sugar and lipid profiles. The number of steps in the 2MST was positively correlated with the distance of the 6MWT (r=0.6995, P<0.0001) and leg strength (r=0.4292, P<0.0001). 2MST was negatively correlated with time to perform the FTSST (r=-0.405, P<0.0001). Moreover, this study established the optimal cutoff score of the 2MST at ≤61 steps with 92.24% sensitivity, and 81.36% specificity to predict cardiorespiratory fitness in type 2 DM patients. Our findings indicate that the 2MST may be used as a predictor for walking capacity, leg strength, and ability to change position from sitting to standing in type 2 DM. In addition, this result may imply that patients with type 2 DM performing the 2MST at less than 61 steps was significantly associated with decreased cardiorespiratory fitness.

Keywords: 2-Minute step test; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Optimal cutoff score; Physical fitness test; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.