Cirsilineol Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Prostate Cancer Cells by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Mediated Apoptosis

Shadma Wahab; Abdulrhman Alsayari; Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah; Irfan Ahmad; Md Sarfaraj Hussain; Jewel Mallick

doi:10.1155/2022/7975664

Cirsilineol Inhibits the Proliferation of Human Prostate Cancer Cells by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Mediated Apoptosis

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Jul 9:2022:7975664. doi: 10.1155/2022/7975664. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Shadma Wahab^{1

2}, Abdulrhman Alsayari^{1

2}, Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah^{1

2}, Irfan Ahmad³, Md Sarfaraj Hussain⁴, Jewel Mallick⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
² Complementary and Alternative Medicine Unit, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 6142, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Lord Buddha Koshi Pharmacy College of Pharmacy, Baijanathpur NH 107, Saharsa 852201, Bihar, India.
⁵ Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh.

Abstract

Cirsilineol has been reported to exhibit anticancer effects against several human cancer cell lines. The present study was designed to evaluate the anticancer effects of cirsilineol against the human DU-145 prostate cancer cells. The results showed that cirsilineol suppressed the proliferation of DU-145 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner with minimal cytotoxic effects against the normal cells. The IC₅₀ of cirsilineol was found to be 7 μM and 110 μM against prostate cancer DU-145 and normal HPrEC prostate cells, respectively. Acridine orange and ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining showed that cirsilineol induced apoptosis in DU-145 prostate cancer cells. The Annexin V/PI staining further confirmed the induction of apoptosis in DU-145 cells. The western blot analysis showed that cirsilineol suppressed the expression of Bax and upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 in prostate cancer DU-145 cells. Moreover, cirsilineol caused a dose-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in prostate cancer. Wound healing and Transwell assays showed that cirsilineol inhibits migration and invasion of DU-145 prostate cancer cells. Summing up, the results suggest that cirsilineol suppresses the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and may prove to be a beneficial lead molecule for the development of chemotherapy for prostate cancer.