Carotenoid extraction, detection, and analysis in citrus

Kaijie Zhu; Hongyan Chen; Yingzi Zhang; Yun Liu; Xiongjie Zheng; Juan Xu; Junli Ye; Xiuxin Deng

doi:10.1016/bs.mie.2022.01.006

Carotenoid extraction, detection, and analysis in citrus

Methods Enzymol. 2022:670:179-212. doi: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.01.006. Epub 2022 Feb 1.

Authors

Kaijie Zhu¹, Hongyan Chen¹, Yingzi Zhang¹, Yun Liu¹, Xiongjie Zheng¹, Juan Xu¹, Junli Ye¹, Xiuxin Deng²

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
² Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: xxdeng@mail.hzau.edu.cn.

PMID: 35871836
DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.01.006

Abstract

Citrus is an important horticultural crop with global, economic and nutritional value. Carotenoids represent the main pigments in citrus fruits and contribute to the esthetic and nutritional value. The complexity of carotenoids in citrus poses a challenge for carotenoid analysis. In this chapter, we describe methods for carotenoid extraction, detection, and analysis that have been optimized for study of citrus fruits. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS) strategies are used for carotenoid profiling of citrus fruit carotenoids and are explained in detail. We outline the applications, advantages, and disadvantages of using these methods to analyze carotenoids in the main citrus species including mandarin, orange, and pummelo.

Keywords: Carotenoid; Citrus; DAD; HPLC; Horticultural crops; Mass spectrometry; UHPLC-HRMS/MS.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Carotenoids
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Citrus sinensis* / chemistry
Citrus* / chemistry
Fruit

Substances

Carotenoids