Biomimetic Total Synthesis of the Spiroindimicin Family of Natural Products

Abstract

A unified strategy for the biomimetic total synthesis of the spiroindimicin family of natural products was reported. Key transformations include a one-pot two-enzyme-catalyzed oxidative dimerization of L-tryptophan/5-chloro-L-tryptophan to afford the bis-indole precursors chromopyrrolic acid/5',5''-dichloro-chromopyrrolic acid, and regioselective C3'-C2'' and C3'-C4'' bond formation converting a common bis-indole skeleton to two skeletally different natural products, including (±)-spiroindimicins D and G with a [5,5] spiro-ring skeleton, and (±)-spiroindimicins A and H with a [5,6] spiro-ring skeleton, respectively.

Keywords: Bioinspired Synthesis; Chemo-Enzymatic Synthesis; Natural Products; Spirocyclization; Total Synthesis.