Child Homicide Amounting to Murder in Malaysia: Descriptive Analysis of the Statistics and Causes

Salmi Razali; Nor Hidayah Jaris; Muhamad Zaid Muuti; Nuraisyah Chua Abdullah

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.854539

Child Homicide Amounting to Murder in Malaysia: Descriptive Analysis of the Statistics and Causes

Front Psychol. 2022 Jul 14:13:854539. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.854539. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Salmi Razali^{1

2}, Nor Hidayah Jaris¹, Muhamad Zaid Muuti³, Nuraisyah Chua Abdullah⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.
² Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and ForensicMedicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.
³ Department of Ethics and Medical Law, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia.
⁴ Faculty of Law, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the child homicide rates and examine the circumstances of homicides of children in Malaysia from January 2010 to June 2021.

Methods: This is a retrospective secondary analysis of police records on child homicides in Malaysia. Background demographic characteristics of victims, suspected offenders, motives of homicide, and rates of child homicide in Malaysia were analyzed descriptively.

Results: Three hundred thirty-two child homicide cases involving 349 children aged 18 years old and below by 458 suspected offenders were described. The Malaysian rates of child homicide from 2010 to 2018 fluctuated between 0.28 and 0.37 per 100,000 population of children aged 18 and below. The rates show decreasing trend to 0.19 and 0.17 per 100,000 population of children aged 18 in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Most of the victims were Malay and Indians, boys, aged 0-5 years old and 16-18 years old. Offenders were likely to be someone known to the victims, including parents, stepparents, and friends, and have unstable incomes. The main possible motives of homicide are jealousy and revenge, child abuse, and feeling distress.

Conclusion: The rates of child homicide in Malaysia are lower compared to other countries and show decreasing trend during this COVID-19 pandemic. These findings perhaps are underestimated and should be cautiously interpreted. Nevertheless, the results should inform immediate intervention to target the at-risk groups.

Keywords: Malaysia; background offenders; child homicide; motives; rates of child homicide.