Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Active and Scarred Toxoplasmic Retinochoroiditis

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2023 Sep;31(7):1479-1485. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2097096. Epub 2022 Aug 1.

Abstract

Purpose: To describe optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) findings in eyes with active and scarred toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

Methods: OCTA scans in active (25 eyes) and scarred (17 eyes) retinochoroiditis were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: In active lesions, OCTA findings included a non-detectable flow signal area in retinal vascular plexuses and choriocapillaris in all 25 eyes (100%), an abnormal intraretinal vascular process in 2 eyes (8%), and an associated area of retinal flow deficit secondary to branch retinal artery occlusion in one eye (4%). In scarred lesions, OCTA findings included a flow deficit area in retinal vascular plexuses and choriocapillaris in all 17 eyes (100%), a visibility of larger deeper choroidal vessels at the level of choriocapillaris in 9 eyes (53%), and a well-defined intraretinal vascular network in one eye (5.9%). Peripapillary scars were associated on OCTA with wedge-shaped loss of radial peripapillary capillaries with corresponding localized retinal nerve fiber layer defect and visual field loss.

Conclusion: OCTA allows to non-invasively detect retinal and choroidal vascular changes in active and scarred toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis.

Keywords: Optical coherence tomography; optical coherence tomography angiography; retinochoroiditis; toxoplasmosis; uveitis.

MeSH terms

  • Choroid / pathology
  • Cicatrix / pathology
  • Fluorescein Angiography / methods
  • Humans
  • Retinal Vessels* / pathology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods
  • Toxoplasmosis, Ocular* / pathology