The COVID-19 outbreak at the end of 2019 has accelerated the development and research for COVID-19 vaccines worldwide. Among the COVID-19 vaccines in clinical trials developed via different platforms, recombinant virus vector-based vaccines have shown excellent immunogenicity and efficacy. However, at the same time, there are serious issues such as vaccine safety and pre-existing antibodies against vectors. This article summarizes the design concept and development history of recombinant virus vector-based vaccines, and focuses on the progress in the clinical studies of vector-based COVID-19 vaccines as well as the challenges, in order to provide reference for the research of recombinant vector-based vaccines.
2019年底的新冠疫情加速了全球各研究机构对新冠疫苗的研发。正在进行临床试验的多种技术平台的新冠疫苗中，重组病毒载体类疫苗表现出较好的免疫原性优势和效力，但同时出现的疫苗安全性和载体预存抗体等问题也不容忽视。本文将概述重组载体疫苗的设计理念和发展历程，梳理当前不同重组病毒载体新冠疫苗的临床研究进展，并阐述其面临的主要挑战和未来的发展方向，以期为重组载体类疫苗的研究提供借鉴。.