Effect of Single-dose Azithromycin on Pneumococcal Carriage and Resistance: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2022 Sep 1;41(9):728-730. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003585. Epub 2022 May 23.

Abstract

We evaluated antibiotic resistance selection in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children participating in an individually randomized trial of single-dose azithromycin versus placebo. After 14 days, the prevalence of resistance to erythromycin, oxacillin, and clindamycin was elevated in the azithromycin versus placebo group. There was no difference at 6 months.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03676751.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Azithromycin* / pharmacology
  • Azithromycin* / therapeutic use
  • Carrier State / drug therapy
  • Carrier State / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Clindamycin / pharmacology
  • Clindamycin / therapeutic use
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Nasopharynx
  • Pneumococcal Infections* / drug therapy
  • Pneumococcal Infections* / epidemiology
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Clindamycin
  • Azithromycin

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03676751