A comprehensive mouse brain acetylome-the cellular-specific distribution of acetylated brain proteins

Yuhua Ji; Zixin Chen; Ziqi Cen; Yuting Ye; Shuyuan Li; Xiaoshuang Lu; Qian Shao; Donghao Wang; Juling Ji; Qiuhong Ji

doi:10.3389/fncel.2022.980815

A comprehensive mouse brain acetylome-the cellular-specific distribution of acetylated brain proteins

Front Cell Neurosci. 2022 Aug 30:16:980815. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.980815. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yuhua Ji¹, Zixin Chen¹, Ziqi Cen¹, Yuting Ye¹, Shuyuan Li¹, Xiaoshuang Lu¹, Qian Shao², Donghao Wang², Juling Ji³, Qiuhong Ji³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
² Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
³ Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Abstract

Nε-lysine acetylation is a reversible posttranslational modification (PTM) involved in multiple physiological functions. Genetic and animal studies have documented the critical roles of protein acetylation in brain development, functions, and various neurological disorders. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanism are still partially understood. Here, we profiled and characterized the mouse brain acetylome and investigated the cellular distribution of acetylated brain proteins. We identified 1,818 acetylated proteins, including 5,196 acetylation modification sites, using a modified workflow comprising filter-aided sample preparation (FSAP), acetylated peptides enrichment, and MS analysis without pre- or post-fraction. Bioinformatics analysis indicated these acetylated mouse brain proteins were mainly located in the myelin sheath, mitochondrial inner membrane, and synapse, as well as their involvement in multiple neurological disorders. Manual annotation revealed that a set of brain-specific proteins were acetylation-modified. The acetylation of three brain-specific proteins was verified, including neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL), 2',3'-cyclic-nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP), and neuromodulin (GAP43). Further immunofluorescence staining illustrated that acetylated proteins were mainly distributed in the nuclei of cortex neurons and axons of hippocampal neurons, sparsely distributed in the nuclei of microglia and astrocytes, and the lack of distribution in both cytoplasm and nuclei of cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Together, this study provided a comprehensive mouse brain acetylome and illustrated the cellular-specific distribution of acetylated proteins in the mouse brain. These data will contribute to understanding and deciphering the molecular and cellular mechanisms of protein acetylation in brain development and neurological disorders. Besides, we proposed some problems that need to be solved in future brain acetylome research.

Keywords: acetylome; brain; cellular-specific distribution; cerebrovascular endothelial cell; mouse; neuron.