Common mechanism of Citrus Grandis Exocarpium in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer

Wei Zhou; Min Dong; Hao Wu; Hui-Lin Li; Jia-le Xie; Ru-Yun Ma; Wei-Wei Su; Jian-Ye Dai

doi:10.1016/j.chmed.2021.08.005

Common mechanism of Citrus Grandis Exocarpium in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer

Chin Herb Med. 2021 Aug 27;13(4):525-533. doi: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.08.005. eCollection 2021 Oct.

Authors

Wei Zhou¹, Min Dong², Hao Wu³, Hui-Lin Li¹, Jia-le Xie¹, Ru-Yun Ma¹, Wei-Wei Su³, Jian-Ye Dai¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
² Department of Pulmonology, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China.
³ Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

Abstract

Objective: "Same treatment for different diseases" is a unique treatment strategy in traditional Chinese medicine. Two kinds of malignant respiratory diseases endanger human health-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Citrus Grandis Exocarpium (Huajuhong in Chinese, HJH), a famous herbal, is always applied by Chinese medicine practitioners to dispersion the lung to resolve phlegm based on "syndrome differentiation and treatment" theory. However, the common mechanism for HJH's treatment of COPD and lung cancer is not clear.

Methods: In this study, based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, the common mechanism of HJH in the treatment of COPD and lung cancer was studied. The active ingredients and related targets of HJH were integrated from TCMSP, BATMAN-TAM, STP, and Pubchem databases. The standard names of these targets were united by UniProt database. Targets of COPD and lung cancer were enriched through GeneCards, NCBI (Gene), Therapeutic Target Database, and DisGeNET (v7.0) databases. Then the intersection targets of HJH and diseases were obtained. The STRING network and the Cytoscape 3.7.2 were used to construct PPI network, the DAVID database was used to perform GO and KEGG analysis. Then Cytoscape 3.6.1 was used to build "ingredient-target-signal pathway" network. Finally, AutoDock 1.5.6 software was used to perform molecular docking of key proteins and molecules.

Results: Eleven active ingredients in HJH were obtained by searching the database, corresponding to 184 HJH-COPD-lung cancer targets intersection. The results of biological network analysis showed that naringenin, the active component in HJH, could mainly act on target proteins such as AKT1, EGFR. Then through positive regulation of vasoconstriction and other biological processes, naringenin could regulate estrogen signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, ErbB signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to play an important role in the treatment of both COPD and lung cancer.

Conclusion: Network pharmacology was employed to systematically investigate the active ingredients and targets of HJH in treatment of COPD and lung cancer. And then, the common pharmacodynamic network of HJH for the two malignant respiratory diseases was firstly described. Furthermore, naringenin was proved to strongly bind with AKT1 and EGFR. It may provide the scientific basis for understanding the "Same treatment for different diseases" strategy in traditional Chinese medicine and inspirit subsequent drug discovery for COPD, lung cancer and other malignant lung diseases.

Keywords: Citrus Grandis Exocarpium; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; lung cancer; mechanism; molecular docking; network pharmacology; same treatment for different diseases.