Biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles mediated Annona muricata as cytotoxic and apoptosis inducer factor in breast cancer cell lines

Rana I Mahmood; Afraa Ali Kadhim; Sumayah Ibraheem; Salim Albukhaty; Harraa S Mohammed-Salih; Ruaa H Abbas; Majid S Jabir; Mustafa K A Mohammed; Uday M Nayef; Faizah A AlMalki; Ghassan M Sulaiman; Hassan Al-Karagoly

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-20360-y

Biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles mediated Annona muricata as cytotoxic and apoptosis inducer factor in breast cancer cell lines

Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 28;12(1):16165. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20360-y.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
² Department of Biology, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
³ Al_kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan, 62001, Iraq. albukhaty.salim@uomisan.edu.iq.
⁵ College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq. albukhaty.salim@uomisan.edu.iq.
⁶ Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq.
⁷ College of Dentistry, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq.
⁸ Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq. 100131@uotechnology.edu.iq.
⁹ Department of Medical Physics, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq.
¹⁰ Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, 10066, Iraq.
¹¹ Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
¹² Department of Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, 58002, Iraq.

Abstract

This study investigated for the first time a simple bio-synthesis approach for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using Annona muricata L (A. muricata) plant extract to test their anti-cancer effects. The presence of CuONPs was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). The antiproliferative properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated against (AMJ-13), (MCF-7) breast cancer cell lines, and the human breast epithelial cell line (HBL-100) as healthy cells. This study indicates that CuONPs reduced cell proliferation for AMJ-13 and MCF-7. HBL-100 cells were not significantly inhibited for several concentration levels or test periods. The outcomes suggest that the prepared copper oxide nanoparticles acted against the growth of specific cell lines observed in breast cancer. It was observed that cancer cells had minor colony creation after 24 h sustained CuONPs exposure using (IC₅₀) concentration for AMJ-13 was (17.04 µg mL^-1). While for MCF-7 cells was (18.92 µg mL^-1). It indicates the uptake of CuONPs by cancer cells, triggering apoptosis. Moreover, treatment with CuONPs enhanced Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) production, probably caused by cell membrane damage, creating leaks comprising cellular substances like lactate dehydrogenase. Hence, research results suggested that the synthesized CuONPs precipitated anti-proliferative effects by triggering cell death through apoptosis.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Annona* / chemistry
Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
Apoptosis
Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
Cell Line
Copper / chemistry
Female
Humans
Lactate Dehydrogenases
Metal Nanoparticles* / chemistry
Nanoparticles* / chemistry
Oxides / pharmacology
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Plant Extracts / pharmacology

Substances

Antineoplastic Agents
Oxides
Plant Extracts
Copper
Lactate Dehydrogenases
cuprous oxide