Higher Sensory Sensitivity is Linked to Greater Expansion Amongst Functional Connectivity Gradients

J Autism Dev Disord. 2024 Jan;54(1):56-74. doi: 10.1007/s10803-022-05772-z. Epub 2022 Oct 13.

Abstract

Insofar as the autistic-like phenotype presents in the general population, it consists of partially dissociable traits, such as social and sensory issues. Here, we investigate individual differences in cortical organisation related to autistic-like traits. Connectome gradient decomposition based on resting state fMRI data reliably reveals a principal gradient spanning from unimodal to transmodal regions, reflecting the transition from perception to abstract cognition. In our non-clinical sample, this gradient's expansion, indicating less integration between visual and default mode networks, correlates with subjective sensory sensitivity (measured using the Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire, GSQ), but not other autistic-like traits (measured using the Autism Spectrum Quotient, AQ). This novel brain-based correlate of the GSQ demonstrates sensory issues can be disentangled from the wider autistic-like phenotype.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorders; Functional connectivity; Sensory sensitivity; fMRI.

MeSH terms

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder* / diagnostic imaging
  • Autistic Disorder*
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Mapping
  • Cognition
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging