Genetic Polymorphism of 27 Y-STR Loci in the Western Kazakh Tribes from Kazakhstan and Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan

Yeldar Ashirbekov; Zhaxylyk Sabitov; Baglan Aidarov; Arman Abaildayev; Zukhra Junissova; Alena Cherusheva; Viktoriya V Saidamarova; Kamalidin Sharipov; Yerlan Ramankulov; Maxat Zhabagin

doi:10.3390/genes13101826

Genetic Polymorphism of 27 Y-STR Loci in the Western Kazakh Tribes from Kazakhstan and Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan

Genes (Basel). 2022 Oct 9;13(10):1826. doi: 10.3390/genes13101826.

Authors

Yeldar Ashirbekov¹, Zhaxylyk Sabitov^{2

3

4}, Baglan Aidarov², Arman Abaildayev¹, Zukhra Junissova^{2

4}, Alena Cherusheva¹, Viktoriya V Saidamarova⁵, Kamalidin Sharipov¹, Yerlan Ramankulov^{2

6}, Maxat Zhabagin^{2

6}

Affiliations

¹ M. Aitkhozhin Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan.
² National Center for Biotechnology, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
³ L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
⁴ Research Institute for Jochi Ulus Studies, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
⁵ Karaganda Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan Named after Barimbek Beisenov, Karaganda 100000, Kazakhstan.
⁶ School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.

Abstract

Data on the genetic polymorphism of 27 Y-STR in Kazakhs of the Junior Zhuz has been presented and analyzed in relation to forensic features. A total of 464 representatives of the Western Kazakh tribes of Kazakhstan (Western Kazakhs, n = 405) and Uzbekistan (Karakalpakstan Kazakhs, n = 59) were examined by the Yfiler Plus set. The data are available in the YHRD under accession numbers YA006010 and YA006009. Genetic analysis (AMOVA and MDS) did not show significant differences between the two groups (Kazakhstan and Karakalpakstan Kazakhs) in terms of Y-chromosome diversity. Both groups are characterized by haplogroup C2a1a2 as a founder effect, which dominated two of the three tribes: Alimuly (67%), Baiuly (74.6%), and Zhetiru (25.8%). At the same time, the phylogenetic network for each tribe found its own clusters within C2a1a2. Western Kazakhs and Karakalpakstan Kazakhs present high values of unique haplotypes (84.44% and 96.61%), discrimination capacity (90.37% and 98.30%), and haplotype diversity (0.9991 and 0.9994). A set of 27 Y-STR loci distinguishes closely related individuals within the Western Kazakh tribes quite well. It is suitable for forensic application, and is also optimal for population genetics studies.

Keywords: Kazakh; Y-STR; central Asia; haplotype diversity; population genetics.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

China
Chromosomes, Human, Y* / genetics
Genetics, Population
Humans
Kazakhstan
Microsatellite Repeats*
Phylogeny
Polymorphism, Genetic
Uzbekistan

Grants and funding

This research has been funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP09259527, No. 4050/GF4) and Faculty development competitive research grants programs of Nazarbayev University (Grant No. SST2019012).