A First Suspected Case of Fibrosing Mediastinitis After Anti-PD-1 Therapy

JACC Case Rep. 2022 Oct 19;4(20):1363-1365. doi: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2022.09.002.

Abstract

We describe a first suspected case of fibrosing mediastinitis following anti-programmed death (PD)-1 therapy, pembrolizumab. Multimodality imaging, including cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and a multidisciplinary team approach were integral to the diagnosis. If further substantiated, systematic surveillance after anti-PD-1 therapy for fibrosing mediastinitis may be warranted. (Level of Difficulty: Intermediate.).

Keywords: CHF, congestive heart failure; CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; PD-1, programmed death-1; PET, positron emission tomography; anti–programmed death-1; cardiac magnetic resonance; fibrosing mediastinitis; fibrosis; immunotherapy; positron emission tomography.