Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Oct 31;7(1):131.
doi: 10.1038/s41541-022-00563-0.

Toxoplasmosis vaccines: what we have and where to go?

Yizhuo Zhang  1   2 , Dan Li  1   2 , Shaohong Lu  3   4   5 , Bin Zheng  6   7   8
Affiliations
Review

Toxoplasmosis vaccines: what we have and where to go?

Yizhuo Zhang et al. NPJ Vaccines. .

Abstract

Despite recent major advances in developing effective vaccines against toxoplasmosis, finding new protective vaccination strategies remains a challenging and elusive goal as it is critical to prevent the disease. Over the past few years, various experimental approaches have shown that developing an effective vaccine against T. gondii is achievable. However, more remains unknown due to its complicated life cycle, difficulties in clinical translation, and lack of a standardized platform. This minireview summarizes the recent advances in the development of T. gondii vaccines and the main obstacles to developing a safe, effective and durable T. gondii vaccine. The successes and failures in developing and testing vaccine candidates for the T. gondii vaccine are also discussed, which may facilitate the future development of T. gondii vaccines.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Anti-T. gondii vaccines.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Challenges in T. gondii vaccine development.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Dunay, I. R., Gajurel, K., Dhakal, R., Liesenfeld, O. & Montoya, J. G. Treatment of toxoplasmosis: historical perspective, animal models, and current clinical practice. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.10.1128/cmr.00057-17 (2018). - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rémy, V., Zöllner, Y. & Heckmann, U. Vaccination: the cornerstone of an efficient healthcare system. J. Mark. Access. Health Policy10.3402/jmahp.v3.27041 (2015). - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chu, K. B. & Quan, F. S. Advances in Toxoplasma gondii vaccines: current strategies and challenges for vaccine development. Vaccines (Basel)10.3390/vaccines9050413 (2021). - PMC - PubMed
    1. Costa-Silva TA, Borges MM, Galhardo CS, Pereira-Chioccola VL. Immunization with excreted/secreted proteins in AS/n mice activating cellular and humoral response against Toxoplasma gondii infection. Acta Trop. 2012;124:203–209. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.08.013. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Wang Y, Zhang D, Wang G, Yin H, Wang M. Immunization with excreted-secreted antigens reduces tissue cyst formation in pigs. Parasitol. Res. 2013;112:3835–3842. doi: 10.1007/s00436-013-3571-4. - DOI - PubMed