NiFe2O4/ZnO-coated Poly(L-Lactide) nanofibrous scaffold enhances osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Shiva Shariati; Ehsan Seyedjafari; Fatemeh Sadat Mahdavi; Amirhosein Maali; Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.1005028

NiFe₂O₄/ZnO-coated Poly(L-Lactide) nanofibrous scaffold enhances osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Oct 17:10:1005028. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1005028. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Shiva Shariati^{1

2

3}, Ehsan Seyedjafari⁴, Fatemeh Sadat Mahdavi⁴, Amirhosein Maali^{5

6}, Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti^{1

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
² Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran.
³ Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
⁴ Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
⁷ Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.

Abstract

Background: A combination of bioceramics and polymeric materials has attracted the research community's interest in bone tissue engineering. These composites are essential to support cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenesis differentiation, which are vital as a classic strategy in bone tissue engineering. In this study, NiFe2O4/ZnO-coated poly L-Lactide (PLLA) was employed as a scaffold to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation capability of human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs). Material and methods: The electrospun PLLA nanofibers were fabricated, coated with nanocomposite (NiFe2O4/ZnO), and evaluated by the water contact angle (WCA), tensile test, attenuated total reflectance fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, the osteogenic differentiation potential of hAMSCs was assessed using NiFe2O4/ZnO-coated PLLA compared to tissue culture plastic (TCP) and a simple scaffold (PLLA) in vitro conditions. Results: The adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of hAMSCs were supported by the mechanical and biological properties of the NiFe2O4/ZnO-coated PLLA scaffold, according to SEM and 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) staining patterns. During bone differentiation, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity, biomineralization, calcium content, and osteogenic gene expression (ALP, Osteonectin, Osteocalcin, Collagen type I, and Runx2) were higher on NiFe2O4/ZnO-coated PLLA scaffold than on PLLA scaffold and TCP. Conclusion: Based on our results, the osteogenic differentiation of hAMSCs on the improved biological scaffold (PLLA coated with NiFe2O4/ZnO) could accelerate due to the stimulating effect of this nanocomposite.

Keywords: adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell; cell differentiation; nanocomposites; osteogenesis; poly-l-lactide.