Introduction: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are the most frequently recognized entities among lymphoproliferative syndromes and rank fifth among neoplasms not associated with gender. There is scarce information on the clinical characteristics of the most frequent NHL, and no data on treatment regimens and their outcomes in Latin America. Although many factors affect a patient's possibilities of receiving treatment, the annual income per person/country is pivotal in Latin America.
Aim: We present the clinical characteristics, risk groups, and treatment regimens of the three most frequent lymphoma subtypes in Latin America [diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL)], based on the data collected by the largest study group of lymphoproliferative diseases in Latin America: The Latin American Study Group of Lymphoproliferative Disease [Grupo de Estudio de Linfoproliferativos de Latino America (GELL)].
Outcomes: The most frequent treatment regimen for B-cell lymphomas is immunochemotherapy (R-CHOP ≥70%), and CHOP for PTCL. Survival is similar to that reported by industrialized nations. We have no solid data on the results of treatment with salvage regimens nor stem cell transplantation in refractory/ relapsed NHL.
Conclusion: In Latin America, the same treatment regimens are used as in highly developed countries, although we lack the necessary technology to apply CAR T-cell therapies or a network of trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry.
Keywords: DLBCL; FL; Latin America; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PTCL-NOS; low-middle income.