The effect of parenting style on anxiety and depression in adolescent girls aged 12-16 years

Tayebeh Rakhshani; Sabriyeh Hamid; Amirhossein Kamyab; Seyyed Mansour Kashfi; Ali Khani Jeihooni

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11478

The effect of parenting style on anxiety and depression in adolescent girls aged 12-16 years

Heliyon. 2022 Nov 8;8(11):e11478. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11478. eCollection 2022 Nov.

Authors

Tayebeh Rakhshani¹, Sabriyeh Hamid², Amirhossein Kamyab³, Seyyed Mansour Kashfi², Ali Khani Jeihooni¹

Affiliations

¹ Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
² Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
³ Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Many personality traits of adolescents are influenced by the personality traits and parenting styles of parents; Parents grow their children in different ways based on their cultural patterns and ideals; due to the importance of anxiety and depression in adolescents and considering the vital role of parents in growing children, the present study was designed and conducted to investigate the effect of parenting skills training on anxiety and depression in adolescent girls aged 12-16 years in Mahshahr city, Khuzestan province, Iran.

Materials and methods: This experimental study was performed on adolescent girls aged 12-16 years in Mahshahr city, Khuzestan province, Iran, in 2020. We chose both groups of our study using a multistage cluster sampling method. Mean anxiety and depression before, two, and six months after the intervention was measured by the test and control groups using parenting style, anxiety, and depression questionnaires. The educational intervention program for the training group was like a WhatsApp group, and sending messages were in the form of audio files, text messages, photos with captions, video messages, and PowerPoint presentations. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 24 and using independent t-test, paired t-test, repeated measures analysis of variance, and ANOVA.

Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age were 14.03 ± 1.41 in the experimental group and 14.06 ± 1.38 in the control group. Before the educational intervention, the mean scores of anxiety and depression were not significantly different between the experimental and control groups. In contrast two months and six months after the educational intervention, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of anxiety and depression between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that an educational intervention on a group of mothers regarding their parenting styles has helped their adolescent daughters to handle their anxiety and depression and also led to a decrease in their anxiety and depression scores.

Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Education; Parenting style; Teenage girls.