Vocational Outcomes in ASD: An Examination of Work Readiness Skills as well as Barriers and Facilitators to Employment Identified by Autistic Adults

J Autism Dev Disord. 2024 Feb;54(2):477-490. doi: 10.1007/s10803-022-05804-8. Epub 2022 Nov 17.

Abstract

Little is known about work readiness skills among autistic adults. This study sought to address this by examining work readiness skills and their relation to vocational outcomes among 281 autistic young adults. It also examined perceived barriers and facilitators to employment as articulated by a subset of autistic adults. Results revealed a variegated work readiness profile. Stronger work readiness skills (particularly work style/adaptability) were associated with more favorable vocational outcomes. Autistic participants articulated both barriers and facilitators to employment related to the autism phenotype, job search/work readiness, and workplace education. These findings indicate the need for research on phenotype-driven vocational rehabilitation strategies as well as workplace psychoeducation/accommodations to support vocational outcomes for autistic adults.

Keywords: Adult outcomes; Behavioral flexibility; Employment; Vocational soft skills; Workplace accommodations.

MeSH terms

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder*
  • Autistic Disorder*
  • Employment
  • Humans
  • Rehabilitation, Vocational / methods
  • Workplace
  • Young Adult