The Role of Combining Probiotics in Preventing and Controlling Inflammation: A Focus on the Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics in an In Vitro Model of IBD

Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Nov 8:2022:2045572. doi: 10.1155/2022/2045572. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Objective: IBD is an inflammatory disease with abnormalities such as dysbiosis and abnormal immune system activity. Probiotics, as live beneficial microorganisms, play a role in maintaining health through various mechanisms, including the modulation of the immune system and the control of inflammation. Here, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of a probiotic mixture of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. in modulating JAK/STAT and NF-kB inflammatory signaling pathways.

Method: A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay was conducted to analyze the expression of JAK/STAT and inflammatory genes after treatment with the probiotic mixture before, after, and simultaneously with the sonicated pathogen in the HT-29 cell line. The production of IL-6 and IL-1β after probiotic treatment was investigated via cytokine assay.

Results: Treatment with probiotics resulted in downregulation of TIRAP, IRAK4, NEMO, and RIP genes in the NF-kB pathway and JAK/STAT genes compared with sonicat-treated cells as inflammation inducers. The production of IL-6 and IL-1 decreased after probiotic treatment.

Conclusions: The probiotic mixture of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. showed anti-inflammatory effects by modulating JAK/STAT and NF-kB signaling pathways. The use of probiotics could be considered as an appropriate complementary treatment for patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / prevention & control
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases* / therapy
  • Interleukin-6
  • Lactobacillus
  • NF-kappa B
  • Probiotics* / pharmacology
  • Probiotics* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • NF-kappa B
  • Interleukin-6
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents