A comparison of the imaging appearance of breast cancer in African American women with non-Latina white women

Abstract

Purpose: To assess differences in the mammographic and sonographic appearance of breast cancer in African American (AA) and Non-Latina White (NLW) women.

Methods: We identified AA and NLW women with biopsy proven ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive breast cancer between June 1, 2015 and May 31, 2018. Racial differences in Breast Imaging and Reporting Data System (BI-RADS) imaging features were analyzed by imaging cohorts, i.e. screen detected vs. clinical presentation, using logistic regression adjusted for histology and molecular subtypes.

Results: We analyzed 270 AA women with 278 cancers (166 screen detected, 112 clinical) and 586 NLW women with 599 cancers (397 screen detected, 202 clinical). Compared with NLW women, AA women had higher rates of non-dense breast composition (almost entirely fatty 12.0% vs. 4.6%, scattered fibroglandular 50.9% vs. 45.2%; overall P < 0001) in both cohorts and were less likely to have screen detected architectural distortion, (odds ratio (OR) = 0.38, 95% CI 0.18-0.80). AA women were less likely than NLW women to have screen detected irregular than oval/round masses (mammography: OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.19-0.68; sonography: OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.94), and more likely to present clinically with high density masses (OR = 3.03, 95% CI 1.12-8.20) demonstrating posterior enhancement (OR = 3.02, 95% CI 1.11-8.27).

Conclusion: There are racial differences in the mammographic and sonographic appearance of breast cancer even after accounting for higher rates of triple negative breast cancer in AA women. Understanding these differences may provide breast imagers with a framework to approach breast cancer diagnosis in the AA population in clinical practice.

Keywords: African American; Breast cancer; Healthcare disparity; Imaging appearance; NonLatina White.