Under the background of the trend in late marriage and the relaxation of family planning policy, the reproductive behavior of women has changed and the proportion of elderly pregnant women has increased progressively year by year. Thus the female fertility preservation is particularly important. As the cradle of life, uterine malformation and uterine cavity diseases may have adverse effects on embryo implantation and development. Several common intrauterine diseases, such as uterine submucosal fibroids, endometrial polyps, intrauterine adhesions, uterine malformation, cesarean scar diverticulum, and embryo residues, may affect female fertility. Hysteroscopy is the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment for intrauterine diseases. With the progress in science and technology, the refinement of hysteroscopy instruments and the promotion of transvaginal endoscopic technology, hysteroscopy will yield brilliant results in female fertility preservation. The knowledge and training related to hysteroscopy should be continuously promoted and popularized, so that it can be mastered by more clinicians and applied in clinical practice to benefit more female patients.
在晚婚成为趋势、计生政策放宽的大背景下，育龄女性生育行为发生变化，高龄孕妇比例逐年增长，女性生育力的保护尤为重要。作为生命的摇篮，子宫发育异常和子宫腔的器质性疾病都可能对胚胎种植及其发育带来不利影响。子宫黏膜下肌瘤、子宫内膜息肉、宫腔粘连、先天性子宫畸形、子宫瘢痕憩室、胚物残留等几种常见宫腔内疾病可能对生育力造成影响。宫腔镜是宫腔内疾病诊断和治疗的金标准。伴随着科技的进步、宫腔镜器械的纤细化和阴道内镜技术的推广，宫腔镜在保护和提高女性生育力方面绽放光彩。应该不断推广和普及宫腔镜的相关知识及培训，使其能够被更多的临床医生掌握并应用于临床，使更多的女性患者获益。.
Keywords: fertility; hysteroscopy; infertility; intrauterine diseases.