Simultaneous extraction and quantification of circulating mitochondrial and nuclear DNA using a single plasma sample to predict specific molecular diagnostic implications

Abstract

The magnitude of variations in the level of circulating mitochondrial (cir-mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (cir-ncDNA) in different diseases has indicated the need for investigating a discriminative approach for evaluating their diagnostic significance. This study reports a typical in-house process for extracting both types of cir-DNAs from a single plasma sample and assessed their usefulness in discriminating type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from healthy individuals to eliminate the prevailing dispute about their discriminative role and improve their diagnostic value. This approach offers a more precise and valuable tool for distinguishing the impact of cir-mtDNA from cir-ncDNA in diagnostic implications.

Keywords: Circulating DNA (cir-DNA); DNA extraction; DNA quantification; Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); Nuclear DNA (ncDNA).