Usability and effects on gait of an optimized schoolchildren backpack

Work. 2023;74(4):1419-1427. doi: 10.3233/WOR-210261.

Abstract

Background: Backpacks used by children is a global concern, because may cause musculoskeletal discomforts and pain.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the usability and effects on gait kinematics wearing the Trunkpack versus a traditional backpack and no backpack.

Methods: Twenty-four children (9 to 11 years old) from a public school participated in this study. The usability was evaluated after a five-week testing period using a questionnaire. Gait kinematics was evaluated (Vicon) when the children were wearing a standard backpack, an optimized backpack (Trunkpack), and no backpack. Both backpacks were loaded with 10% of body weight.

Results: Was observed more trunk, hip and knee flexion when the children carried a standard backpack in comparison using the Trunkpack and not carrying a backpack (p < 0.01). The Trunkpack and no backpack were similar. The Trunkpack was well accepted by the schoolchildren (81% positive responses), 79% liked the head opening, 88% liked the waist straps, and 83% liked the facility to put and take objects in and out of the Trunkpack.

Conclusion: Trunkpack requires less postural adjustments during gait than a standard backpack. Gait kinematics with the Trunkpack was comparable to the gait without carrying a backpack.

Keywords: Usability; backpack; biomechanics; children; ergonomics.

MeSH terms

  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Body Weight
  • Child
  • Gait* / physiology
  • Humans
  • Pain*
  • Weight-Bearing / physiology