Enhancing bioactivity and stability of polymer-based material-tissue interface through coupling multiscale interfacial interactions with atomic-thin TiO2 nanosheets

Rongchen Xu; Xiaodan Mu; Zunhan Hu; Chongzhi Jia; Zhenyu Yang; Zhongliang Yang; Yiping Fan; Xiaoyu Wang; Yuefeng Wu; Xiaotong Lu; Jihua Chen; Guolei Xiang; Hongbo Li

doi:10.1007/s12274-022-5153-1

Enhancing bioactivity and stability of polymer-based material-tissue interface through coupling multiscale interfacial interactions with atomic-thin TiO₂ nanosheets

Nano Res. 2023;16(4):5247-5255. doi: 10.1007/s12274-022-5153-1. Epub 2022 Dec 5.

Authors

Rongchen Xu^#^{1

2}, Xiaodan Mu^#¹, Zunhan Hu^#³, Chongzhi Jia¹, Zhenyu Yang⁴, Zhongliang Yang¹, Yiping Fan¹, Xiaoyu Wang^{1

5}, Yuefeng Wu⁶, Xiaotong Lu⁶, Jihua Chen⁴, Guolei Xiang⁶, Hongbo Li¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China.
² Department of Stomatology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China.
³ Department of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500 China.
⁴ National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032 China.
⁵ Department of Stomatology, The Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Beijing, 100101 China.
⁶ State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029 China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Stable and bioactive material-tissue interface (MTF) basically determines the clinical applications of biomaterials in wound healing, sustained drug release, and tissue engineering. Although many inorganic nanomaterials have been widely explored to enhance the stability and bioactivity of polymer-based biomaterials, most are still restricted by their stability and biocompatibility. Here we demonstrate the enhanced bioactivity and stability of polymer-matrix bio-composite through coupling multiscale material-tissue interfacial interactions with atomically thin TiO₂ nanosheets. Resin modified with TiO₂ nanosheets displays improved mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and stability. Also, we confirm that this resin can effectively stimulate the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation into osteogenic and odontogenic lineages of human dental pulp stem cells using in vitro cell-resin interface model. TiO₂ nanosheets can also enhance the interaction between demineralized dentinal collagen and resin. Our results suggest an approach to effectively up-regulate the stability and bioactivity of MTFs by designing biocompatible materials at the sub-nanoscale.

Electronic supplementary material: Supplementary material (further details of fabrication and characterization of TiO₂ NSs and TiO₂-ARCs, the bioactivity evaluation of TiO₂-ARCs on hDPSCs, and the measurement of interaction with demineralized dentin collagen) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-5153-1.

Keywords: TiO2 nanosheets; biomaterial; material—tissue interface; pulpo-dentinal complex; resin composite.