Reducing the biosynthesis of condensed tannin in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) by virus-induced gene silencing of anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) gene

Vinayak Singh; Rayees Ahmad Lone; Verandra Kumar; Chandra Sekhar Mohanty

doi:10.1007/s13205-022-03435-5

Reducing the biosynthesis of condensed tannin in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) by virus-induced gene silencing of anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) gene

3 Biotech. 2023 Jan;13(1):16. doi: 10.1007/s13205-022-03435-5. Epub 2022 Dec 19.

Authors

Vinayak Singh^{1

2}, Rayees Ahmad Lone^{1

3}, Verandra Kumar¹, Chandra Sekhar Mohanty^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Plant Genetic Resources and Improvement Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001 Uttar Pradesh India.
² Department of Biology, Western University, London, Ontario Canada.
³ Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002 India.

Abstract

The Underutilized legume-winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) and its various parts are infested with condensed tannin (CT) or proanthocyanidin (PA). CT has anti-nutritional effect as it adversely affects the digestion of proteins, minerals and vitamin among ruminants and humans. It is also responsible for low protein digestibility and decreased amino acid availability. One of the probable reasons of underutilization of P. tetragonolobus is due to its infestation with CT. Histochemical staining of various tissues of P. tetragonolobus with dimethylcinnmaldehyde (DMACA) developed a deep-blue colour indicating the presence of polyphenolic condensed tannin. Structural monomeric unit catechin and epi-catechin were reported to be responsible for biosynthesis of CT in P. tetragonolobus. The enzyme anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) and its corresponding transcripts were identified and phylogenetically mapped. The transcript was subjected to virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) through agro-infiltration in P. tetragonolobus for reducing the CT-content. The WbANS-VIGS induced P. tetragonolobus resulted in four-fold decrease of CT as compared to the control P. tetragonolobus. A decrease of 73% of CT level was reported in VIGS silenced Wb-ANS line of P. tetragonolobus. This study resulted and confirmed that, the silencing of (ANS) gene in P. tetragonolobus has a regulatory effect on the condensed tannin biosynthesis. This study will pave way for further manipulation of ANS enzyme for reducing the biosynthesis of the anti-nutrient CT. Reducing the CT content will make this underutilized legume more acceptable.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03435-5.

Keywords: Agro-infiltration; Anthocyanidin synthase; Condensed tannin; Virus-induced gene silencing; Winged bean.

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