EEG-Delta brushes in DPPX encephalitis - Welcome to the club

Christine Heuer; Leah Disse; Debora Ledergerber; Ilijas Jelcic; Lukas L Imbach

doi:10.1016/j.cnp.2022.11.003

EEG-Delta brushes in DPPX encephalitis - Welcome to the club

Clin Neurophysiol Pract. 2022 Dec 5:8:12-15. doi: 10.1016/j.cnp.2022.11.003. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Christine Heuer¹, Leah Disse¹, Debora Ledergerber², Ilijas Jelcic¹, Lukas L Imbach^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
² Swiss Epilepsy Center, Klinik Lengg, Zurich, Switzerland.

Abstract

Background: Extreme Delta Brushes are a rare interictal EEG pattern that was first described in NMDA-R encephalitis and has been considered a pathognomonic pattern for this subtype of autoimmune encephalitis. Recently, extreme delta brushes have been described as a rare EEG phenomenon in other forms of encephalitis.

Case report: We describe to our knowledge the first occurrence of EEG Delta brushes in DPPX encephalitis. In this article, we present a comprehensive case report and discuss clinical differential diagnosis with special emphasis on the diagnostic value of the EEG, leading the way to the correct diagnosis. We also present current diagnostic criteria and clinical screening scales for initial evaluation for patients with suspected autoimmune encephalitis.

Keywords: Autoimmune encephalitis; EEG; Extreme Delta brushes.

Publication types

Case Reports