Facile preparation of covalently functionalized graphene with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and investigation of its characteristics

S Alipour; M Hassani; S M H Hosseini; S M Mousavi-Khoshdel

doi:10.1039/d2ra06343c

Facile preparation of covalently functionalized graphene with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and investigation of its characteristics

RSC Adv. 2022 Dec 22;13(1):558-569. doi: 10.1039/d2ra06343c. eCollection 2022 Dec 19.

Authors

S Alipour¹, M Hassani¹, S M H Hosseini¹, S M Mousavi-Khoshdel¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST) Narmak Tehran Iran sae.alipour@gmail.com +982177240480 +982177240480.

Abstract

This article reports a fast and easy method for simultaneously in situ reducing and functionalizing graphene oxide. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine hydrate salt molecules are reduced by graphene oxide by reacting with oxide groups on the surface and removing these groups, and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone groups are replaced with oxide groups. The synthesized materials have been investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV absorption. Also, the morphology has been examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The result of the photocurrent response and electrochemical behavior of the samples through cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) have been analyzed to investigate the effect of physical and chemical changes compared to graphene.