Rheology of Conductive High Reactivity Carbonaceous Material (HRCM)-Based Ink Suspensions: Dependence on Concentration and Temperature

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Dec 21;13(1):21. doi: 10.3390/nano13010021.

Abstract

The present case study reports a shear rheological characterization in the temperature domain of inks and pastes loaded with conductive High Reactivity Carbonaceous Material (HRCM) consisting mainly of few-layers graphene sheets. The combined effect of filler concentration and applied shear rate is investigated in terms of the shear viscosity response as a function of testing temperature. The non-Newtonian features of shear flow ramps at constant temperature are reported to depend on both the HRCM load and the testing temperature. Moreover, temperature ramps at a constant shear rate reveal a different viscosity-temperature dependence from what is observed in shear flow ramps while maintaining the same filler concentration. An apparent departure from the well-known Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman relationship as a function of the applied shear rate is also reported.

Keywords: HRCM; graphene; inks; non-Newtonian flow; sheet resistance; suspensions; temperature dependence; viscosity.