Gallic acid inhibits neuroinflammation and reduces neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damages

Xiangjun Dong; Shuyue Luo; Dongjie Hu; Ruixue Cao; Qunxian Wang; Zijun Meng; Zijuan Feng; Weihui Zhou; Weihong Song

doi:10.3389/fped.2022.973256

Gallic acid inhibits neuroinflammation and reduces neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damages

Front Pediatr. 2022 Dec 22:10:973256. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.973256. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Xiangjun Dong¹, Shuyue Luo¹, Dongjie Hu¹, Ruixue Cao², Qunxian Wang¹, Zijun Meng¹, Zijuan Feng¹, Weihui Zhou¹, Weihong Song^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
² Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health and Kangning Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
³ Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, China.

Abstract

Neuroinflammation is a leading cause of secondary neuronal injury in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Regulation of neuroinflammation may be beneficial for treatment of HIE and its secondary complications. Gallic acid (GA) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this report we found that oxygen-glucose deprivation and/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced cell death, and the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines by microglia were inhibited by GA treatment. Furthermore, GA treatment reduced neuroinflammation and neuronal loss, and alleviated motor and cognitive impairments in rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Together, our results reveal that GA is an effective regulator of neuroinflammation and has potential as a pharmaceutical intervention for HIE therapy.

Keywords: gallic acid; hypoxic-ischemic brain damage; neuroinflammation; neuronal loss; neuroprotective effect.