Relative enhancement index can be used to quantify liver function in cirrhotic patients that undergo gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate MRI with gadoxetic acid to quantify liver function in cirrhotic patients using the relative enhancement index (REI) compared with Child-Pugh score (CPS), MELD score, and indocyanine green plasma disappearance rate (ICG-PDR) and to establish cutoffs for REI to stratify cirrhotic patients into good and poor liver function groups.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated 60 cirrhotic patients and calculated CPS, MELD score, ICG-PDR, and REI for each patient. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to assess correlation between REI, CPS, MELD, and ICG-PDR. Good and poor liver function groups were created by k-means clustering algorithm using CPS, MELD, and ICG-PDR. ROC curve analysis was performed and optimal cutoff was identified for group differentiation.

Results: Good correlations were found between REI and other liver function biomarkers: REI and CPS (rho = - 0.816; p < 0.001); REI and MELD score (rho = - 0.755; p < 0.001); REI and ICG-PDR (rho = 0.745; p < 0.001)]. REI correlation was stronger for patients with Child-Pugh A (rho = 0.642, p = 0.002) and B (rho = 0.798, p < 0.001) than for those with Child-Pugh C (rho = 0.336, p = 0.148). REI is significantly lower in patients with poor liver function (p < 0.001). ROC curve showed an AUC 0.94 to discriminate patients with poor liver function (REI cutoff < 100; 100% sensitivity; 76% specificity).

Conclusions: REI is a valuable non-invasive index for liver function quantification that has good correlations with other liver function biomarkers. REI can be easily calculated and can be used to estimate liver function in clinical practice in the routine evaluation of cirrhotic patients that undergo MR imaging with gadoxetic acid contrast.

Key points: • REI is a valuable non-invasive index for liver function quantification that has good correlations with other liver function biomarkers. • REI can be easily calculated in the routine evaluation of cirrhotic patients that undergo gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. • The REI enables stratification of cirrhotic patients into good and poor liver function groups and can be used as additional information, together with morphological and focal liver lesion evaluation.

Keywords: Hepatobiliary elimination; Indocyanine green; Liver cirrhosis; Liver function tests; Magnetic resonance imaging.