Correlation of immediate prevalence of cervical precancers and cancers with HPV genotype and age in women with ASC-US/hrHPV+: a retrospective analysis of 2292 cases

J Clin Pathol. 2024 Apr 18;77(5):338-342. doi: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208580.

Abstract

Aims: To stratify the risk of cervical precancers (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)) and cancers (squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma) based on distinct high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) genotypes as well as age groups among women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and hrHPV+results.

Methods: In total, 2292 cases of ASC-US/hrHPV+ with immediate follow-up biopsy results were included in the study for prevalence analysis.

Results: Overall, 12.2% women with ASC-US /hrHPV+ had HSIL+ while 0.22% had AIS+ lesions. The HPV-16+ group (31.6%) showed significantly higher prevalence of HSIL+ squamous lesions than other genotype groups (p<0.0001). The prevalence of SCC is significantly higher in HPV-16+ (1.8%) or HPV-18/45+ (1.1%) group than women in other genotype groups (0.1%) (p<0.0001). The HPV-18/45+ group (1.7%) showed significantly higher prevalence of AIS+ glandular lesions than other genotype groups (p=0.003). In addition, SCC prevalence was significantly higher in age over 50 group than that in age under 50 group (1.2% vs 0.2%, p=0.012).

Conclusion: Women with ASC-US/hrHPV+ are at significant risk of cervical precancers and cancers; notably, HPV-16+ group has a higher risk of HSIL squamous lesions and SCC while HPV-18/45+ group has a higher risk of AIS+ glandular lesions. In addition, the older patient group (>50 years) has a significantly higher risk of SCC. Therefore, HPV genotyping as well as patient age need to be considered in the clinical management of patient.

Keywords: cytological techniques; papillomavirus infections; pathology department, hospital.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma in Situ*
  • Atypical Squamous Cells of the Cervix* / pathology
  • Carcinoma in Situ*
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / pathology
  • Female
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Papillomaviridae / genetics
  • Papillomavirus Infections* / diagnosis
  • Papillomavirus Infections* / epidemiology
  • Papillomavirus Infections* / pathology
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Uterine Cervical Dysplasia*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Vaginal Smears