Experimental test of generalized Hardy's paradox

Yi-Han Luo; Hong-Yi Su; He-Liang Huang; Xi-Lin Wang; Tao Yang; Li Li; Nai-Le Liu; Jing-Ling Chen; Chao-Yang Lu; Jian-Wei Pan

doi:10.1016/j.scib.2018.11.025

Experimental test of generalized Hardy's paradox

Sci Bull (Beijing). 2018 Dec 30;63(24):1611-1615. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.11.025. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Authors

Yi-Han Luo¹, Hong-Yi Su², He-Liang Huang¹, Xi-Lin Wang¹, Tao Yang¹, Li Li¹, Nai-Le Liu³, Jing-Ling Chen⁴, Chao-Yang Lu¹, Jian-Wei Pan¹

Affiliations

¹ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
² Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100193, China.
³ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China. Electronic address: nlliu@ustc.edu.cn.
⁴ Theoretical Physics Division, Chern Institute of Mathematics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Electronic address: chenjl@nankai.edu.cn.

PMID: 36658852
DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.11.025

Abstract

Since the pillars of quantum theory were established, it was already noted that quantum physics may allow certain correlations defying any local realistic picture of nature, as first recognized by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen. These quantum correlations, now termed quantum nonlocality and tested by violation of Bell's inequality that consists of statistical correlations fulfilling local realism, have found loophole-free experimental confirmation. A more striking way to demonstrate the conflict exists, and can be extended to the multipartite scenario. Here we report experimental confirmation of such a striking way, the multipartite generalized Hardy's paradoxes, in which no inequality is used and the conflict is stronger than that within just two parties. The paradoxes we consider here belong to a general framework [S.-H. Jiang et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 120 (2018) 050403], including previously known multipartite extensions of Hardy's original paradox as special cases. The conflict shown here is stronger than in previous multipartite Hardy's paradox. Thus, the demonstration of Hardy-typed quantum nonlocality becomes sharper than ever.

Keywords: Bell’s inequality; Hardy’s paradox; Multipartite entanglement; Nonlocal correlations.