Correlation analysis of gastric mucosal lesions with Helicobacter pylori infection and its virulence genotype in Guiyang, Guizhou province, China

Yue Hu; Yan Wang; Mengheng Mi; Zhaohui Deng; Jian Zhu; Qi Liu; Xiaoqin Chen; Zhenghong Chen

doi:10.21037/atm-22-5553

Correlation analysis of gastric mucosal lesions with Helicobacter pylori infection and its virulence genotype in Guiyang, Guizhou province, China

Ann Transl Med. 2022 Dec;10(24):1320. doi: 10.21037/atm-22-5553.

Authors

Yue Hu^{1

2

3}, Yan Wang⁴, Mengheng Mi³, Zhaohui Deng⁵, Jian Zhu⁶, Qi Liu¹, Xiaoqin Chen¹, Zhenghong Chen^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
² Joint Laboratory of Helicobacter Pylori and Intestinal Microecology of The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology of Education Department of Guizhou, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
⁴ Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
⁵ Department of Gastroenterology, Guiyang Hospital of Guizhou Aviation Industry Group, Guiyang, China.
⁶ Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Guiyang, China.

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most important factor affecting clinical outcome in patients with gastric mucosal lesions. This study aimed to investigate H. pylori infection in patients with gastric mucosal lesions and their virulence genotype in Guiyang, China.

Methods: Pathological examinations of 1,364 biopsies from patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and H. pylori infection were analyzed according to different pathological types. The bacterial genome DNA was extracted from H. pylori strains isolated from gastric biopsies, and the cagA, vacA, and iceA virulence genes were detected and typed to analyze the correlation of their genotypes between different pathological lesions.

Results: The positive rate of H. pylori infection was approximately 19.9% (272/1,364), as determined by histopathological examination (HPE). It was more frequently detected in men than in women. A total of 85 H. pylori isolates were obtained from 280 clinical samples (positive rate 30.4%, 85/280). Of these 85 strains, cagA, vacA, and iceA genes were identified in 85.9%, 100%, and 83.5% of samples, respectively. Approximately 74.1% of strains were cagA East Asian type (cagA-ABD), and 11.8% of were cagA Western strains (cagA-AB, cagA-ABC), only present in patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis. Gastric intraepithelial neoplasia and gastric cancer harbored both Asian strains. A total of 7 combinations of vacA genotypes were noted, among which s1c/m1b (30.6%) and s1c/m2 (41.2%) were the dominant genotypes. The predominant iceA genotype was iceA1 (64.7%).

Conclusions: We observed that the positive rate of H. pylori infection was related to the pathological type of patients' gastric mucosal lesions. Isolated H. pylori strains showed a unique genotype, mainly East Asian type cagA (ABD), vacA s1c/m2 genotype, and iceA1. These results provide an important reference for further studies of H. pylori in Guizhou province, China.

Keywords: Guizhou province; H. pylori infections; gastric mucosal lesion; pathological type.