Dissemination and implementation (D&I) studies of dietary interventions for African Americans are limited. Restaurants may be an innovative setting to deliver dietary interventions. Purpose: Assess weight loss, self-efficacy for healthy eating, diet quality, and quality of life in African Americans in two groups: virtual synchronous and virtual asynchronous. Guided by RE-AIM, the Nutritious Eating with Soul @ Rare Variety Café Feasibility study included nutrition education, accountability partners for support, and cooking demonstrations led by a community health worker and was delivered across two cohorts in a non-randomized design. The intervention was conducted over 12 consecutive weekly classes. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, intervention delivery was online. African Americans between 18-65 years old with overweight/obesity, not currently following a plant-based diet or taking medications to control diabetes, and living in a southeastern city were recruited. Participants completed in-person weight assessments and online surveys at baseline and post-intervention. Linear mixed models analyzed changes in outcomes and differences in 3-month outcomes between groups. All models controlled for age and sex. Regarding Reach, 199 participants expressed interest, and 60 enrolled. Among the full sample, participants decreased body weight -2.6 ± 0.5 kg (p < .0001) and increased self-efficacy 1.6 ± 0.7 points (p = .03). No differences in 3-month outcomes between groups were observed. This D&I feasibility study successfully recruited participants during the COVID-19 pandemic and produced significant results. The successful online intervention delivery compared to in-person suggests the potential for greater D&I in vegan soul food restaurants. As restrictions are loosened, future studies will test in-person delivery.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04513769.
Keywords: African American; Healthy eating; Intervention; Restaurant.
Guided by RE-AIM, the Nutritious Eating with Soul @ Rare Variety Feasibility Trial (NEW Soul @ RV) assessed Reach and Effectiveness outcomes in participants in a soul food, plant-based dissemination and implementation study. The research team successfully partnered with a local restaurant to host and deliver the intervention. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the intervention was delivered using two intervention groups: virtual synchronous and virtual asynchronous. The dissemination and implementation feasibility study successfully recruited African American participants leading to a meaningful primary outcome in weight loss as well as improvements in a secondary outcome of diet self-efficacy. Findings emphasize the potential for greater dissemination and implementation of NEW Soul @ RV throughout African American vegan soul food restaurants.
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