Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Spinal Haemangioblastoma: A Retrospective Single-Centre Experience from the United Kingdom

Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2023;101(1):22-29. doi: 10.1159/000527943. Epub 2023 Jan 26.

Abstract

Introduction: Haemangioblastoma is a benign, vascular tumour of the central nervous system. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly being used as a treatment for spinal lesions to avoid complex surgery, especially in patients with multi-focal tumours associated with von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL). Here, we present the outcomes of patients treated in our centre using a CyberKnife VSI (Accuray, Inc.).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of all patients treated at our institution was conducted. Assessment of radiological response was based upon RANO criteria. Solid and overall tumour progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The development of a symptomatic new or enlarging cyst was included in the definition of progression when determining overall PFS.

Results: Fourteen tumours in 10 patients were included. Seven patients were male, and nine had VHL. Nine (64%) tumours had an associated cyst. The median (IQR) age at treatment was 45.5 (43.5-53) years. The median gross tumour volume was 0.355cc. Patients received a mean marginal prescribed dose of 9.6 Gy in a single fraction (median maximum dose: 14.3 Gy), which was constrained by spinal cord tolerance. Mean follow-up was 15.4 months. Radiologically, 11 (78.6%) tumours were stable or regressed and three (21.4%) progressed. Eight patients' symptoms improved or were stable, and two worsened, both of which were secondary to cyst enlargement. The 1-year solid-tumour and overall PFS was 92.3% and 75.7%, respectively. All patients were alive at the most recent follow-up. One patient developed grade 1 back pain following treatment.

Discussion/conclusion: SRS appears to be a safe and effective treatment for spinal haemangioblastoma. Prospective trials with longer follow-up are required to establish the optimum management.

Keywords: CyberKnife; Haemangioblastoma; Radiosurgery; Spinal; Stereotactic radiosurgery.

MeSH terms

  • Cysts* / surgery
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hemangioblastoma* / pathology
  • Hemangioblastoma* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiosurgery* / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome