Treatment of seeds with sodium azide for quantitative and qualitative capsule traits at M2 generation of Fourteen Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes

Micheale Yifter Weldemichael; Yemane Tsehaye Baryatsion; Desta Berhe Sbhatu; Girmay Gebresamuel Abraha; Hagos Mohammedseid Juhar; Abraha Birhan Kassa; Fiseha Baraki Sibhatu; Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn; Mohammed Mebrahtu Mossa; Mullubrhan Mekonen Gebru; Birhanu Kahsay Meresa; Medhin Teklay; Birhanu Debesay Berhe; Haftay Abadi Gebru

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12912

Treatment of seeds with sodium azide for quantitative and qualitative capsule traits at M2 generation of Fourteen Ethiopian sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes

Heliyon. 2023 Jan 10;9(1):e12912. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12912. eCollection 2023 Jan.

Authors

Micheale Yifter Weldemichael¹, Yemane Tsehaye Baryatsion², Desta Berhe Sbhatu³, Girmay Gebresamuel Abraha⁴, Hagos Mohammedseid Juhar¹, Abraha Birhan Kassa⁵, Fiseha Baraki Sibhatu⁶, Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn¹, Mohammed Mebrahtu Mossa², Mullubrhan Mekonen Gebru¹, Birhanu Kahsay Meresa¹, Medhin Teklay⁷, Birhanu Debesay Berhe⁷, Haftay Abadi Gebru⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, CDANR, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.
² Department of DCHS, CDANR, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.
³ Department of BCEN, MIT, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.
⁴ Department of LaRMEP, CDANR, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, CNCS, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.
⁶ Tigrai Agricultural Research Institute, HuARC, P.O. Box 510, Humera, Tigrai, Ethiopia.
⁷ Tigrai Biotechnology Center Pvt. Ltd. Co., P.O. Box 223, Mekelle, Tigrai, Ethiopia.

Abstract

This study aimed at investigating the effects of sodium azide (NaN₃) on quantitative and qualitative capsule traits in M2 generation of 14 Ethiopian sesame genotypes collected from Humera Agricultural Research Center (HuARC), Tigrai. Both the treatment and control seeds were sown in well-prepared beds in greenhouse to develop M2 plants. Data on quantitative and qualitative traits were collected and analyzed using GenStat 16 software. Results showed significant differences among the M2 seeds treated with 0.75% NaN₃. The highest mean number of capsules per plant was recorded in ACC44 and Baha Necho genotypes, while the lowest was recorded in Gumero, Setit 2, Hirhir, ADI, Bounji and Aberghele. The highest mean number of seeds per capsule was recorded in Humera 1, Baha Necho, Zeri Tesfay, and Gondar 1 genotypes and the lowest was recorded in Setit 1, Setit 2 and ADI. The highest mean capsule length was observed in Zeri Tesfay while the lowest was recorded in Aberghele. The qualitative data reported that Hirhir, Setit 1 and Setit 2 were changed from completely shattering to partially shattering, Gumero and Bounji were changed from completely shattering to non-shattering, and Zeri Tesfay was changed from partially shattering to non-shattering. The 14 genotypes were clustered into four distinct groups including cluster I containing six genotypes, cluster II and III containing two genotypes each and cluster IV containing four genotypes. The mutants developed from Zeri Tesafy, ACC44 and Baha Necho genotypes are considered as potential candidate mutants for further utilization in sesame improvement.

Keywords: Genotypes; Qualitative traits; Quantitative traits; Sesame; Sodium azide.