Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens

Serhii Yuriev; Victoria Rodinkova; Vitalii Mokin; Ilona Varchuk; Olena Sharikadze; Yuriy Marushko; Bohdan Halushko; Andrii Kurchenko

doi:10.1186/s12948-022-00182-z

Molecular sensitization pattern to house dust mites is formed from the first years of life and includes group 1, 2, Der p 23, Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens

Clin Mol Allergy. 2023 Feb 3;21(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12948-022-00182-z.

Authors

Serhii Yuriev^{1

2}, Victoria Rodinkova³, Vitalii Mokin⁴, Ilona Varchuk⁴, Olena Sharikadze⁵, Yuriy Marushko⁶, Bohdan Halushko⁶, Andrii Kurchenko²

Affiliations

¹ Medical Centre, DIVERO, Kiev, Ukraine.
² Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Bohomolets National Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine.
³ Department of Pharmacy, National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, 56, Pirogov Street, Vinnytsia, 21018, Ukraine. rodinkova@vnmu.edu.ua.
⁴ Department of System Analysis and Information Technologies, Vinnytsia National Technical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine.
⁵ Paediatric Department, Shupyk National Healthcare University, Kiev, Ukraine.
⁶ Department of Pediatrics of Postgraduate Education, O.O. Bohomolets Medical University, Kiev, Ukraine.

Abstract

Background: As the process and nature of developing sensitivity to house dust mites (HDMs) remain not fully studied, our goal was to establish the pattern, nature and timeframe of house dust mite (HDM) sensitization development in patients in Ukraine as well as the period when treatment of such patients would be most effective.

Methods: The data of the multiplex allergy test Alex² was collected from 20,033 patients. To determine age specifics of sensitization, descriptive statistics were used. Bayesian Network analysis was used to build probabilistic patterns of individual sensitization.

Results: Patients from Ukraine were most often sensitized to HDM allergens of group 1 (Der p 1, Der f 1) and group 2 (Der p 2, Der f 2) as well as to Der p 23 (55%). A considerable sensitivity to Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens was also observed. The overall nature of sensitization to HDM allergens among the population of Ukraine is formed within the first year of life. By this time, there is a pronounced sensitization to HDM allergens of groups 1 and 2 as well as to Der p 23. Significance of sensitization to Der p 5, Der p 7 and Der p 21 allergens grows starting from the age of 3-6. Bayesian Network data analysis indicated the leading role of sensitization to Der p 1 and Der f 2. While developing the sensitivity to group 5 allergens, the leading role may belong to Der p 21 allergen.

Conclusion: The results obtained indicate the importance of determining the sensitization profile using the multi-component approach. A more detailed study of the optimal age for AIT prescription is required as the pattern of sensitization to HDMs is formed during the first year of life.

Keywords: Component-resolved molecular diagnostics of allergy; Environmental allergens; House dust mites; Molecular sensitization pattern; Multiplex allergy test.