Histopathological Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma Effect in Acute Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Serap Bulut Cobden; Kayhan Ozturk; Selçuk Duman; Hasan Esen; Tahsin Murad Aktan; Mustafa Cihat Avunduk; Çağdaş Elsurer

doi:10.1007/s12070-021-02912-2

Histopathological Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma Effect in Acute Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Dec;74(Suppl 3):4281-4285. doi: 10.1007/s12070-021-02912-2. Epub 2021 Oct 25.

Authors

Serap Bulut Cobden¹, Kayhan Ozturk², Selçuk Duman³, Hasan Esen⁴, Tahsin Murad Aktan³, Mustafa Cihat Avunduk⁴, Çağdaş Elsurer⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otorhinolaringology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kayseri City and Training Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
² Department of Otorhinolaryngology, KTO Karatay University Medical Faculty, Medicana Konya Hospital, Konya, Turkey.
³ Department of Histology and Embryology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
⁴ Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey.
⁵ Department of Otolaryngology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.

Abstract

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a reliable and has low side-effect profile and has beneficial effects on wound healing. Its investigatory effects on wound-healing process were shown on various tissues. This study aims to investigate PRP's local application effects to perforated rat TM in terms of healing and histopatological outcomes. Twenty-two Wistar rats were used in the study. The rats' ears were examined with a pediatric endoscope (2.7 mm, 0°), and the TM posterior quadrant of their right ear was perforated with a 20-gauge needle. After this procedure, the rats were divided into two equal groups. A spongel with PRP was applied on the perforated TM in the first group, and spongel with standard saline solution was applied on the second group. Following the sacrifice, the middle air bullas were carefully dissected and removed for histopathological examination. Hematoxylin eosin (for fibroblasts, lymphocyte, collagen fibers) and immunohistochemical staining were done for epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) staining for histopathologic examinations. There was not a significant difference between the two groups for lymphocyte. There was a significant difference between control and study groups for collagen and EGFR (P < 0.05). Although the mean value of FGF- and VEGF-positive cells was higher in the study group than in the control group, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). PRP is an effective autologous material for the healing process of acute TM perforations in a rat model, as demonstrated in the present study. We think that the use of PRP for acute TM perforations can have a positive effect on the healing process by increasing the level of growth factors, especially EGFR. In addition, an increase in collagen can also have a positive effect on healing.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-021-02912-2.

Keywords: Ear; Healing; PRP; Perforation; Tympanic membrane.