Ageotypes revisited: The brain and central nervous system dysfunction as a major nutritional and lifestyle target for healthy aging

Maria G Grammatikopoulou; Efstathios Skoufas; Spyridon Kanellakis; Despina Sanoudou; Georgios A Pavlopoulos; Aristides G Eliopoulos; Kalliopi K Gkouskou

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.01.013

Ageotypes revisited: The brain and central nervous system dysfunction as a major nutritional and lifestyle target for healthy aging

Maturitas. 2023 Apr:170:51-57. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.01.013. Epub 2023 Feb 6.

Authors

Maria G Grammatikopoulou¹, Efstathios Skoufas², Spyridon Kanellakis³, Despina Sanoudou⁴, Georgios A Pavlopoulos⁵, Aristides G Eliopoulos⁶, Kalliopi K Gkouskou⁷

Affiliations

¹ Unit of Immunonutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa GR-41110, Greece. Electronic address: mgrammat@uth.gr.
² Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Athens GR-11527, Greece. Electronic address: stathisskoufas@yahoo.gr.
³ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Kallithea, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: kanellakisspyridon@yahoo.gr.
⁴ Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: dsanoudou@med.uoa.gr.
⁵ Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, Vari, Greece.
⁶ Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Athens GR-11527, Greece; Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: eliopag@med.uoa.gr.
⁷ Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Athens GR-11527, Greece; Embiodiagnostics Biology Research Company, 1 Melissinon and Damvergidon Street, Heraklion GR-71305, Crete, Greece. Electronic address: gkouskoukal@med.uoa.gr.

PMID: 36773500
DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.01.013

Abstract

Undeniably, biological age can significantly differ between individuals of similar chronological age. Longitudinal, deep multi-omic profiling has recently enabled the identification of individuals with distinct aging phenotypes, termed 'ageotypes'. This effort has provided a plethora of data and new insights into the diverse molecular mechanisms presumed to drive aging. Translational opportunities stemming from this knowledge continue to evolve, providing an opportunity for the provision of nutritional interventions aiming to decelerate the aging process. In this framework, the contemporary ageotypes classification was revisited via in silico analyses, with the brain and nervous system being identified as the primary targets of age-related biomolecules, acting through inflammatory and metabolic pathways. Nutritional and lifestyle factors affecting these pathways in the brain and central nervous system that could help guide personalized recommendations for the attainment of healthy aging are discussed.

Keywords: Bioinformatics; Brain; CNS; Genetics; Inflammaging; Nutriomics; Nutrition; Omics; ageotype; in silico.

MeSH terms

Brain
Central Nervous System
Healthy Aging*
Humans
Life Style
Phenotype