Compared with traditional low-molecular-weight heparin anticoagulation or non-anticoagulant hemodialysis, regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) has emerged as a promising anticoagulant method considering its satisfactory efficacy, reduced incidence of bleeding, extended life of the dialyzer and increased removal of the toxin. RCA has received more and more attention in recent years which contributes as a first-line anticoagulant regimen for continuous renal replacement therapy, and it gradually gains wide clinical application in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). In addition, RCA has been reported to be successfully used in plasma exchange and hemoperfusion. This article elaborates on mechanism of RCA and the problems in clinical application, in order to further expand the application of RCA and improve the effect of blood purification in the future.
相比传统低分子肝素抗凝或无抗凝血液透析，局部枸橼酸抗凝（RCA）效果满意、出血并发症降低、透析器有效寿命延长、毒素清除增多，是理想的抗凝剂，近年受到越来越多的关注和重视。目前RCA是连续性肾脏替代治疗的一线抗凝方案，在维持性血液透析中也逐渐获得广泛临床应用。此外，陆续有报道RCA成功应用于血浆置换、血液灌流等血液净化操作。本文梳理了RCA的机制和临床应用中存在的问题，以期为RCA的进一步扩展应用提供对策思路，提高血液净化效果。.