Enhanced Magnetism and Anomalous Hall Transport through Two-Dimensional Tungsten Disulfide Interfaces

Chang-Ming Hung; Diem Thi-Xuan Dang; Amit Chanda; Derick Detellem; Noha Alzahrani; Nalaka Kapuruge; Yen T H Pham; Mingzu Liu; Da Zhou; Humberto R Gutierrez; Darío A Arena; Mauricio Terrones; Sarath Witanachchi; Lilia M Woods; Hariharan Srikanth; Manh-Huong Phan

doi:10.3390/nano13040771

Enhanced Magnetism and Anomalous Hall Transport through Two-Dimensional Tungsten Disulfide Interfaces

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Feb 18;13(4):771. doi: 10.3390/nano13040771.

Authors

Chang-Ming Hung¹, Diem Thi-Xuan Dang¹, Amit Chanda¹, Derick Detellem¹, Noha Alzahrani¹, Nalaka Kapuruge¹, Yen T H Pham¹, Mingzu Liu², Da Zhou², Humberto R Gutierrez¹, Darío A Arena¹, Mauricio Terrones², Sarath Witanachchi¹, Lilia M Woods¹, Hariharan Srikanth¹, Manh-Huong Phan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
² Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Abstract

The magnetic proximity effect (MPE) has recently been explored to manipulate interfacial properties of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)/ferromagnet heterostructures for use in spintronics and valleytronics. However, a full understanding of the MPE and its temperature and magnetic field evolution in these systems is lacking. In this study, the MPE has been probed in Pt/WS₂/BPIO (biphase iron oxide, Fe₃O₄ and α-Fe₂O₃) heterostructures through a comprehensive investigation of their magnetic and transport properties using magnetometry, four-probe resistivity, and anomalous Hall effect (AHE) measurements. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to complement the experimental findings. We found that the presence of monolayer WS₂ flakes reduces the magnetization of BPIO and hence the total magnetization of Pt/WS₂/BPIO at T > ~120 K-the Verwey transition temperature of Fe₃O₄ (T_V). However, an enhanced magnetization is achieved at T < T_V. In the latter case, a comparative analysis of the transport properties of Pt/WS₂/BPIO and Pt/BPIO from AHE measurements reveals ferromagnetic coupling at the WS₂/BPIO interface. Our study forms the foundation for understanding MPE-mediated interfacial properties and paves a new pathway for designing 2D TMD/magnet heterostructures for applications in spintronics, opto-spincaloritronics, and valleytronics.

Keywords: iron oxide; magnetic proximity effect; two-dimensional materials.

Grants and funding

The research was funded by the US Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FG02-07ER46438 and Grant No. DE-FG02-06ER46297, and by the NSF under Grant #ECCS-1952957.