Obesity and incidence of colorectal polyps: a case-controlled study

Sina Salimian; Maryam Habibi; Mojtaba Sehat; Abbas Hajian

doi:10.1097/MS9.0000000000000234

Obesity and incidence of colorectal polyps: a case-controlled study

Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2023 Feb 6;85(2):306-310. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000000234. eCollection 2023 Feb.

Authors

Sina Salimian¹, Maryam Habibi², Mojtaba Sehat³, Abbas Hajian⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine.
² Autoimmune Disease Research Center.
³ Department of Community Medicine, Trauma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan.
⁴ Department of General Surgery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Guilan, Iran.

Abstract

Previous essays have presented possible concordance between obesity and colorectal polyp development. However, neither for the hypothesis nor for the details general consensus exists. This study aimed to evaluate the association between higher BMI rather than the normal and colorectal polyp presentation and characteristics if any.

Methods: Eligible patients based on study criteria who were candidates for total colonoscopy examination enrolled in this case-controlled trial. Controls had normal colonoscopy reports. A positive colonoscopy for any kind of polyp was followed by a histopathological study. Demographic data also was registered, and patients were categorized according to the calculated BMI. Groups were matched by both gender and status of tobacco abuse. Finally, the outcomes of colonoscopy and histopathological studies were compared between groups.

Results: A total of 141 and 125 persons investigated, respectively, as patients and controls. Possible effects of gender, tobacco abuse, and cigarette smoking were declined by participants matching. Hence, we found no significant difference between groups regarding the latter variables (P>0.05). Colorectal polyps were found absolutely more in BMI>25 kg/m^-2 rather than in lesser values (P<0.001). However, there was no obvious difference in the incidence of colorectal polyps between groups categorized as overweight and obese (P>0.05). Namely, even weighing over could be the risk for colorectal polyp development. Additionally, it was more expected to find neoplastic adenomatous polyp(s) with high-graded dysplasia in BMI>25 kg/m^-2 (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Even little changes in BMI further than the normal values can independently increase the risk of developing dysplastic adenomatous colorectal polyp(s) significantly.

Keywords: colonoscopy; colorectal; incidence; obesity; polyp.