Astrocytes are a type of non-neuronal, glial cells, anatomically placed in the intersection between the brain blood vessels and other neural cells-including neurons. Such a strategic situation confers these cells a unique opportunity to sense circulating molecules and adapt according to different organismal conditions. By acting as sentinel cells, astrocytes thus co-ordinate gene expression profiles, immune responses, signal transduction pathways, and metabolic programs that play essential roles in the formation of brain circuits to modulate neurotransmission and higher-order organismal functions.
Keywords: astrocytes; immunometabolism; metabolism; neural circuits; neurodegeneration; neurons.
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.