Angiogenesis and Re-endothelialization in decellularized scaffolds: Recent advances and current challenges in tissue engineering

Radman Mazloomnejad; Amirhesam Babajani; Mohammadreza Kasravi; Armin Ahmadi; Siavash Shariatzadeh; Soheyl Bahrami; Hassan Niknejad

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2023.1103727

Angiogenesis and Re-endothelialization in decellularized scaffolds: Recent advances and current challenges in tissue engineering

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2023 Feb 16:11:1103727. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1103727. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Radman Mazloomnejad¹, Amirhesam Babajani¹, Mohammadreza Kasravi¹, Armin Ahmadi¹, Siavash Shariatzadeh², Soheyl Bahrami³, Hassan Niknejad¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
³ Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria.

Abstract

Decellularization of tissues and organs has recently become a promising approach in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to circumvent the challenges of organ donation and complications of transplantations. However, one main obstacle to reaching this goal is acellular vasculature angiogenesis and endothelialization. Achieving an intact and functional vascular structure as a vital pathway for supplying oxygen and nutrients remains the decisive challenge in the decellularization/re-endothelialization procedure. In order to better understand and overcome this issue, complete and appropriate knowledge of endothelialization and its determining variables is required. Decellularization methods and their effectiveness, biological and mechanical characteristics of acellular scaffolds, artificial and biological bioreactors, and their possible applications, extracellular matrix surface modification, and different types of utilized cells are factors affecting endothelialization consequences. This review focuses on the characteristics of endothelialization and how to optimize them, as well as discussing recent developments in the process of re-endothelialization.

Keywords: angiogenesis; decellularization; endothelialization; scaffold; stem cells; translational medicine.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

This research was supported by Research Grant Committee from the National Institutes for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran, under award number of 963951.