Reply to Alfani: Reconstructing past plague ecology to understand human history

Affiliations

• ¹ Center for Pandemics and One Health Research, Sustainable Health Unit (SUSTAINIT), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
• ² Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo 0316, Norway.
• ³ Department of Earth System Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
• ⁴ Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy.
• ⁵ Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK.
• ⁶ Global Change Research Institute (CzechGlobe), Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 603 00, Czech Republic.
• ⁷ Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 611 37, Czech Republic.
• ⁸ Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland.
• ⁹ School of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
• ¹⁰ Department of History, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
• ¹¹ Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
• ¹² Division of History and Politics, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LJ, UK.
• ¹³ College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
• ¹⁴ State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing 100071, China.
• ¹⁵ Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
• ¹⁶ Institute of Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.