Cannabis Use Does Not Affect Outcomes After Total Hip Arthroplasty

Vishal Hegde; Daniel N Bracey; Aviva K Pollet; Yasmin Yazdani-Farsad; Douglas A Dennis; Jason M Jennings

doi:10.1016/j.arth.2023.03.040

Cannabis Use Does Not Affect Outcomes After Total Hip Arthroplasty

J Arthroplasty. 2023 Sep;38(9):1808-1811. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.03.040. Epub 2023 Mar 20.

Authors

Vishal Hegde¹, Daniel N Bracey², Aviva K Pollet³, Yasmin Yazdani-Farsad³, Douglas A Dennis⁴, Jason M Jennings⁵

Affiliations

¹ Colorado Joint Replacement, Denver, Colorado; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
² Colorado Joint Replacement, Denver, Colorado; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
³ Colorado Joint Replacement, Denver, Colorado.
⁴ Colorado Joint Replacement, Denver, Colorado; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee.
⁵ Colorado Joint Replacement, Denver, Colorado; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado.

PMID: 36940759
DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.03.040

Abstract

Background: Cannabis use in patients undergoing arthroplasty has increased with ongoing legalization throughout the United States. The purpose of this study was to report total hip arthroplasty (THA) outcomes in patients self-reporting cannabis use.

Methods: There were 74 patients who underwent primary THA from January 2014 to December 2019 at a single institution with minimum 1-year follow-up who had their self-reported cannabis use retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had a history of alcohol or illicit drug abuse were excluded. A match control was conducted based on age; body mass index; sex; Charlson Comorbidity Index; insurance status; and use of nicotine, narcotics, antidepressants, or benzodiazepines to patients undergoing THA who did not self-report cannabis use. Outcomes included Harris Hip Score (HHS), Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Joint Reconstruction (HOOS JR), in hospital morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) consumed, outpatient MMEs prescribed, in hospital lengths of stay (LOS), postoperative complications, and readmissions.

Results: There was no difference in the preoperative, postoperative, or change in Harris Hip Score or HOOS JR between cohorts. There was also no difference in hospital MMEs consumed (102.4 versus 101, P = .92), outpatient MMEs prescribed (119 versus 156, P = .11) or lengths of stay (1.4 versus 1.5 days, P = .32). Also, readmissions (4 versus 4, P = 1.0) and reoperations (2 versus 1, P = .56) were not different between groups.

Conclusion: Self-reported cannabis use does not influence 1-year outcomes after THA. Further studies are warranted to determine the efficacy and safety of perioperative cannabis use after THA to help guide orthopaedic surgeons in counseling patients.

Keywords: cannabis; complications; opioids; patient reported outcomes; total hip arthroplasty.

MeSH terms

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* / adverse effects
Cannabis*
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
Postoperative Complications / etiology
Retrospective Studies
United States