Only few allergens derived from house dust mite (HDM) species have been evaluated in terms of their potential to induce allergic inflammation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate different aspects of the allergenicity and allergenic activity of Blo t 2, a Blomia tropicalis allergen. Blo t 2 was produced as a recombinant protein in Escherichia coli. Its allergenic activity was tested in humans by skin prick test and basophil activation assays, and in mice, by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and a model of allergic airway inflammation. Sensitization rate to Blo t 2 (54.3%) was similar to that found to Blo t 21 (57.2%) and higher than to Der p 2 (37.5%). Most Blo t 2-sensitized patients showed a low intensity response (99.5%). Blo t 2 elicited CD203c upregulation and allergen induced skin inflammation. Additionally, immunized animals produced anti-Blo t 2 IgE antibodies and passive transfer of their serum to non-immunized animals induced skin inflammation after allergen exposure. Immunized animals developed bronchial hyperreactivity and a strong inflammatory lung reaction (eosinophils and neutrophils). These results confirm the allergenic activity of Blo t 2 and supports its clinical relevance.
Keywords: Blo t 2; Blomia tropicalis; IgE; allergen; animal model; house dust mites; humans.