Prevalence and gender distribution of excoriation (skin-picking) disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Epidemiological studies of excoriation disorder have reported different prevalence estimates for this condition, limiting our understanding of its public health impact. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to collate epidemiological studies of excoriation disorder. We aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and the female-to-male ratio of excoriation disorder in the general population. We searched Embase, PsycInfo, and PubMed up to May 2020 and updated the PubMed search in October 2021. Studies which reported the frequency of excoriation disorder in a sample from the general population were included in our meta-analyses. We made no restrictions regarding the definition or assessment of excoriation disorder. Data were pooled through random-effects meta-analyses. Of the 677 records identified through database searches, 19 studies involving 38,038 participants met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses demonstrated that excoriation disorder has an overall prevalence of 3.45% (95% CI 2.55, 4.65%) and impacts women more than men (female-to-male OR = 1.45; 95% CI 1.15, 1.81, p = 0.001). These findings underscore the public health impact of excoriation disorder, which will hopefully motivate future research focused on advancing our understanding and management of this condition.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Excoriation disorder; Prevalence; Skin picking disorder; meta-Analysis.