Synthesis and characterization of novel solid-supported salicylate-based ionic liquid for adsorptive removal of Pb(ii) and Ni(ii) ions from aqueous solution

Nur Anis Liyana Kamaruddin; Mohd Faisal Taha; Avisenna Muhammad Romil; Fairuz Liyana Mohd Rasdi

doi:10.1039/d3ra00806a

Synthesis and characterization of novel solid-supported salicylate-based ionic liquid for adsorptive removal of Pb(ii) and Ni(ii) ions from aqueous solution

RSC Adv. 2023 Apr 11;13(17):11249-11260. doi: 10.1039/d3ra00806a.

Authors

Nur Anis Liyana Kamaruddin^{1

2}, Mohd Faisal Taha^{1

2}, Avisenna Muhammad Romil², Fairuz Liyana Mohd Rasdi¹

Affiliations

¹ Centre of Research in Ionic Liquids, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar Perak Malaysia.
² Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Seri Iskandar Perak Malaysia.

Abstract

Novel solid-supported ionic liquid (Si-Sal-SSIL) was synthesized by immobilization of 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropylimidazolium) salicylate [MTMSPI][Sal] ionic liquid onto the activated silica gel. First, the [MTMSPI][Sal] ionic liquid was derived from the reaction of a metathesis product of 1-methyl-3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropylimidazolium) chloride [MTMSPI][Cl] with sodium salicylate through an ion-exchanged reaction. [MTMSPI][Sal] was purified and characterized through ion-chromatography, CHN and Karl-Fischer titration analyses. Further characterizations on [MTMSPI][Sal] were carried out by ¹H NMR and FTIR analyses. Si-Sal-SSIL was successfully prepared and confirmed through BET and solid-state NMR analyses. Si-Sal-SSIL showed better removal capacities towards Pb(ii) and Ni(ii) ions in comparison to native activated silica gel. Si-Sal-SSIL was then applied as solid adsorbent for an efficient removal of Pb(ii) and Ni(ii) from the aqueous solution. A series of batch sorption study were performed to explore the influence of parameters i.e., loading ratio of activated silica gel to [MTMSPI][Sal], pH, mixing time, initial concentration of analyte towards the adsorption of Pb(ii) and Ni(ii) ions onto Si-Sal-SSIL as a function of removal efficiency. Under optimized conditions, the sorption kinetics for removal of both metals agreed with pseudo-second order linear plots. The mechanism of Pb(ii) and Ni(ii) sorption by Si-Sal-SSIL gave good fits for Langmuir model.